What Does Water Damage in a Brick Building Look Like?

Brick is one of the most durable building materials, but even the strongest structures aren’t immune to water damage. Over time, rain, snow, and moisture can take a toll on a brick building’s appearance and structural integrity. Spotting the early signs of water damage is key to protecting your property from costly repairs.

At JMS Masonry & Restoration, we’ve seen firsthand how subtle issues can grow into major problems if left untreated. Here’s what to look out for when assessing water damage in a brick building.

Why Brick Buildings Are Vulnerable to Water

Brick is porous, meaning it naturally absorbs water. While mortar joints and sealants are designed to control that absorption, years of weather exposure (especially in New England’s freeze-thaw climate) can weaken these defenses. When moisture enters brickwork and can’t properly escape, the damage begins.

Common Signs of Water Damage in Brick

1. Efflorescence (White Powdery Stains)

One of the most obvious signs is efflorescence, which appears as white, chalky deposits on the surface of the brick. This occurs when water travels through the brick and mortar, bringing soluble salts to the surface as it evaporates. While efflorescence itself isn’t structurally harmful, it’s a clear signal that water is infiltrating your masonry.

2. Spalling or Flaking Bricks

Spalling happens when the outer layer of brick begins to chip, flake, or break away. This is often caused by water freezing and expanding within the brick during cold months. If left unaddressed, spalling can lead to crumbling walls and significant structural issues.

3. Cracked or Deteriorating Mortar Joints

Mortar is the “glue” that holds your bricks together, and it’s more susceptible to water damage than the brick itself. Water intrusion can cause mortar joints to soften, crack, or even wash out completely. This weakens the wall and opens the door for even more moisture penetration.

4. Discoloration and Dark Stains

If you notice uneven dark patches or streaks across your brick walls, it could indicate trapped moisture. Persistent dampness may also cause mold or mildew growth, which is not only unsightly but also harmful to air quality.

5. Bulging or Bowing Walls

In extreme cases, water damage can cause bricks to shift, leading to bulging or bowing sections of wall. This is a serious structural issue that requires immediate professional attention.

The Hidden Risks of Ignoring Water Damage

Even minor signs of water damage can escalate quickly. Moisture that seeps deep into masonry can cause:

• Structural instability

• Interior water leaks

• Mold growth inside walls

• Decreased property value

Because the early symptoms may seem cosmetic, many property owners underestimate the seriousness of water-related issues. Regular inspections and maintenance are essential for long-term preservation.

Protecting Your Brick Building

Regular Maintenance

Schedule annual masonry inspections, especially after harsh winters. A professional can identify vulnerabilities before they become expensive repairs.

Repointing Mortar Joints

Repointing is the process of removing damaged mortar and replacing it with fresh material. This not only restores strength but also prevents future water infiltration.

Applying Sealants and Waterproofing

While brick needs to “breathe,” professional-grade sealants can help protect against excessive water absorption without trapping moisture inside.

Partnering with Experienced Professionals

Companies like JMS Masonry & Restoration specialize in diagnosing and repairing water damage in brick structures. From historic preservation projects to modern commercial buildings, the right expertise makes all the difference in protecting your investment.

Conclusion

Water damage in brick buildings isn’t always dramatic; it often starts with small, subtle signs like efflorescence or hairline mortar cracks. By recognizing these early warning signals, property owners can prevent costly repairs and extend the life of their structures.

If you notice any of the signs above, don’t wait until the problem escalates. Contact a trusted masonry expert to evaluate your building and recommend solutions. For property owners in Boston and the surrounding areas, JMS Masonry & Restoration is here to help protect your brickwork from water damage and keep your building standing strong for years to come.

See signs of water damage? Get a free estimate!